List of Common LaTeX Mathematical Symbols and Equations

The latest version of GitMind supports inserting formulas. Users can enter LaTeX math commands and convert them into math formulas in real-time.

Here we will introduce some commonly used LaTeX math symbol commands to assist you quickly get started with inserting formulas. GitMind also supports inserting chemical and physical equations. You can click to check the detail of commands all supported.

LaTeX Math Symbols and Equations

Superscripts, Subscripts and Integrals

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
a^2	$a^2$	Superscript
a_2	$a_2$	Subscript
a^{2+2}	$a^{2+2}$	Grouping
x_2^5	$x_2^5$	Combining sub & super
{}_1^2\!X_3^4	${}_1^2\!X_3^4$	Preceding sub & super
\bigcap_1^{n} p	$\bigcap_1^{n} p$	Intersections
\bigcup_1^{k} p	$\bigcup_1^{k} p$	Unions
x’	$x’$	Derivatives
\dot{x}	$\dot{x}$	Derivative dots
\ddot{y}	$\ddot{y}$
\vec{c}	$\vec{c}$	Vectors
\overleftarrow{a b}	$\overleftarrow{a b}$
\overrightarrow{c d}	$\overrightarrow{c d}$
\widehat{e f g}	$\widehat{e f g}$
\overset{\frown} {AB}	$\overset{\frown} {AB}$	Arc
\overline{h i j}	$\overline{h i j}$	Overline
\underline{k l m}	$\underline{k l m}$	Underline
\overbrace{11+12+\cdots+100}	$\overbrace{11+12+\cdots+100}$	Overbrace
\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}	$\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}$	Underbrace
\sum_{k=1}^N k^2	$a^2$	Sum
\prod_{i=1}^N x_i	$\prod_{i=1}^N x_i$	Product
\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i	$\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i$	Coproduct
\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n	$\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n$	Limit
\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx	$\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx$	Integral
\iint_{D}^{W} \, dx\,dy	$\iint_{D}^{W} \, dx\,dy$	Double integral
\iiint_{E}^{V} \, dx\,dy\,dz	$\iiint_{E}^{V} \, dx\,dy\,dz$	Triple integral
\oint_{C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy	$\oint_{C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy$	Quadruple integral

Root

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\sqrt{5}	$\sqrt{5}$	Square root
\sqrt[n]{5}	$\sqrt[n]{5}$	nth roots

Operators

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\pm	$\pm$	Plus-minus
\times	$\times$	Times
\div	$\div$	Division
\neq	$\neq$	Not equal
\approx	$\approx$	Approximate
\equiv	$\equiv$	Equivalent
\not\equiv	$\not\equiv$	Not equivalent
\geq	$\geq$	Geqslant
\gg	$\gg$
\leq	$\leq$	Leqslant
\ll	$\ll$
\sim	$\sim$	Similar
\simeq	$\simeq$
\cong	$\cong$
\propto	$\propto$	Propto
\perp	$\perp$	Perpendicularity

Geometric

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\Box	$\Box$	Box
\Diamond	$\Diamond$	Diamond
\triangle	$\triangle$	Triangle
\angle	$\angle$	Angle
\perp	$\perp$	Perpendicularity
\mid	$\mid$
\nmid	$\nmid$
\\|	$\\|$

Functions

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\sin\theta	$\sin\theta$	\min L	$\min L$
\cos\theta	$\cos\theta$	\inf s	$\inf s$
\tan\theta	$\tan\theta$	\sup t	$\sup t$
\cot	$\cot$	\exp\!t	$\exp\!t$
\sec	$\sec$	\ln X	$\ln X$
\csc	$\csc$	\lg X	$\lg X$
\arcsin\frac{L}{r}	$\arcsin\frac{L}{r}$	\log X	$\log X$
\arccos\frac{T}{r}	$\arccos\frac{T}{r}$	f \ker g	$f \ker g$
\arctan\frac{L}{T}	$\arctan\frac{L}{T}$	\log_{10}	$\log_{10}$
\sinh g	$\sinh g$	\log_\alpha X	$\log_\alpha X$
\cosh h	$\cosh h$	\deg x	$\deg x$
\tanh i	$\tanh i$	\arg x	$\arg x$
\operatorname{sh}j	$\operatorname{sh}j$	\dim x	$\dim x$
\max H	$\max H$	\lim_{t\to n}T	$\lim_{t\to n}T$

Sets

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\forall	$\forall$	\exists	$\exists$
\in	$\in$	\ni	$\ni$
\subset	$\subset$	\subseteq	$\subseteq$
\supset	$\supset$	\supseteq	$\supseteq$
\sqsupset	$\sqsupset$	\sqsupseteq	$\sqsupseteq$
\cup	$\cup$	\bigcup	$\bigcup$
\sqcup	$\sqcup$	\bigsqcup	$\bigsqcup$
\cap	$\cap$	\bigcap	$\bigcap$
\sqsubset	$\sqsubset$	\sqsubseteq	$\sqsubseteq$
\varnothing	$\varnothing$	\biguplus	$\biguplus$
\emptyset	$\emptyset$	\sqcap	$\sqcap$
\notin	$\notin$	\setminus	$\setminus$

Logic and Arrows

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\And	$\And$	\land	$\land$
\bar{q}	$\bar{q}$	\lor	$\lor$
\lnot	$\lnot$	\neg q	$\neg q$
\wedge	$\wedge$	\bigwedge	$\bigwedge$
\vee	$\vee$	\bigvee	$\bigvee$
\setminus	$\setminus$	\smallsetminus	$\smallsetminus$
\leftarrow	$\leftarrow$	\gets	$\gets$
\to	$\to$	\rightarrow	$\rightarrow$
\leftrightarrow	$\leftrightarrow$	\longleftarrow	$\longleftarrow$
\longrightarrow	$\longrightarrow$	\mapsto	$\mapsto$
\longmapsto	$\longmapsto$	\hookrightarrow	$\hookrightarrow$
\hookleftarrow	$\hookleftarrow$	\nearrow	$\nearrow$
\searrow	$\searrow$	\swarrow	$\swarrow$
\nwarrow	$\nwarrow$	\uparrow	$\uparrow$
\downarrow	$\downarrow$	\updownarrow	$\updownarrow$
\Leftarrow	$\Leftarrow$	\Rightarrow	$\Rightarrow$
\Leftrightarrow	$\Leftrightarrow$	\Longleftarrow	$\Longleftarrow$
\Longrightarrow	$\Longrightarrow$	\Longleftrightarrow	$\Longleftrightarrow$

Brackets

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\left ( \frac{a}{b} \right )	$\left ( \frac{a}{b} \right )$	Parenthesis
\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]	$\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]$	Bracket
\left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle	$\left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle$	Angle bracket
\left\{ \frac{a}{b} \right\}	$\left\{ \frac{a}{b} \right\}$	Brace
\overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }	$\overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }$	Over brace
\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }	$\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }$	Under brace

Fractions, Matrices, Multilines

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\frac{1}{10}=0.1	$\frac{1}{10}=0.1$	Fractions
\tfrac{1}{10} = 0.1	$\tfrac{1}{10} = 0.1$	Small fractions
\dfrac{k}{k+9} = 0.1	$\dfrac{k}{k+9} = 0.1$	Large fractions
\dfrac{ \tfrac{1}{2}[1-(\tfrac{1}{2})^n] }{ 1-\tfrac{1}{2} } = s_n	$\dfrac{ \tfrac{1}{2}[1-(\tfrac{1}{2})^n] }{ 1-\tfrac{1}{2} } = s_n$	Large / Small (nested) fractions
\cfrac{2}{ c + \cfrac{2}{ d + \cfrac{1}{2} } } = a \qquad \dfrac{2}{ c + \dfrac{2}{ d + \dfrac{1}{2} } } = a	$\cfrac{2}{ c + \cfrac{2}{ d + \cfrac{1}{2} } } = a\qquad\dfrac{2}{ c + \dfrac{2}{ d + \dfrac{1}{2} } } = a$	Continued fraction
\binom{n}{k}	$\binom{n}{k}$	Binomial coefficients
\tbinom{n}{k}	$\tbinom{n}{k}$	Small binomial coefficients
\dbinom{n}{k}	$\dbinom{n}{k}$	Large binomial coefficients
\begin{matrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{matrix}	$\begin{matrix}x & y \\z & v\end{matrix}$	Matrices
\begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix}	$\begin{vmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{vmatrix}$
\begin{Vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Vmatrix}	$\begin{Vmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{Vmatrix}$
\begin{bmatrix} 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 0 & \cdots & 0 \end{bmatrix}	$\begin{bmatrix}0 & \cdots & 0 \\\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 0 & \cdots & 0\end{bmatrix}$
\begin{Bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Bmatrix}	$\binom{n}{k}$
\binom{n}{k}	$\begin{Bmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{Bmatrix}$
\begin{pmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{pmatrix}	$\begin{pmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{pmatrix}$
\begin{array}{\|c\|c\|\|c\|} a & b & S \\ \hline 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0 \end{array}	$\begin{array}{\|c\|c\|\|c\|}a & b & S \\\hline0&0&1\\0&1&1\\1&0&1\\1&1&0\end{array}$	Arrays
\begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z &= 1 \\ 7x – 2y + 4z &= 2 \\ -6x + 3y + 2z &= 3 \end{cases}	$\begin{cases}3x + 5y + z &= 1 \\7x – 2y + 4z &= 2 \\-6x + 3y + 2z &= 3\end{cases}$	Simultaneous equations
\begin{array}{lcl} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array}	$\begin{array}{lcl}z & = & a \\f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z\end{array}$	Multiline equations(left alignment)
\begin{array}{lcr} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array}	$\begin{array}{lcr}z & = & a \\f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z\end{array}$	Multiline equations(right alignment)

Greek Alphabet

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\Gamma	$\Gamma$	\Delta	$\Delta$
\Theta	$\Theta$	\Lambda	$\Lambda$
\Xi	$\Xi$	\Pi	$\Pi$
\Sigma	$\Sigma$	\Upsilon	$\Upsilon$
\Phi	$\Phi$	\Psi	$\Psi$
\Omega	$\Omega$	\beta	$\beta$
\alpha	$\alpha$	\delta	$\delta$
\gamma	$\gamma$	\zeta	$\zeta$
\epsilon	$\epsilon$	\theta	$\theta$
\eta	$\eta$	\kappa	$\kappa$
\iota	$\iota$	\mu	$\mu$
\lambda	$\lambda$	\xi	$\xi$
\nu	$\nu$	\pi	$\pi$
\omicron	$\omicron$	\sigma	$\sigma$
\rho	$\rho$	\phi	$\phi$
\tau	$\tau$	\psi	$\psi$
\upsilon	$\upsilon$	\digamma	$\digamma$
\chi	$\chi$	\varkappa	$\varkappa$
\omega	$\omega$	\varrho	$\varrho$
\varepsilon	$\varepsilon$	\varphi	$\varphi$
\vartheta	$\vartheta$	\varsigma	$\varsigma$
\varpi	$\varpi$

Special

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\And	$\And$	\eth	$\eth$
\%	$\%$	\dagger	$\dagger$
\ddagger	$\ddagger$	\ldots	$\ldots$
\cdots	$\cdots$	\colon	$\colon$
\smile	$\smile$	\frown	$\frown$
\wr	$\wr$	\triangleleft	$\triangleleft$
\triangleright	$\triangleright$	\infty	$\infty$
\bot	$\bot$	\top	$\top$
\vdash	$\vdash$	\vDash	$\vDash$
\Vdash	$\Vdash$	\models	$\models$
\lVert	$\lVert$	\rVert	$\rVert$
\imath	$\imath$	\hbar	$\hbar$
\ell	$\ell$	\mho	$\mho$
\Finv	$\Finv$	\Re	$\Re$
\Im	$\Im$	\wp	$\wp$
\complement	$\complement$	\heartsuit	$\heartsuit$
\diamondsuit	$\diamondsuit$	\spadesuit	$\spadesuit$
\clubsuit	$\clubsuit$	\flat	$\flat$
\Game	$\Game$	\sharp	$\sharp$

Here are the commonly used LaTeX math commands. If you have any questions about inserting formulas, please leave us a message below.

LaTeX Math Symbols and Equations

Guide

LaTeX Math Symbols and Equations

Superscripts, Subscripts and Integrals

Root

Operators

Geometric

Functions

Sets

Logic and Arrows

Brackets

Fractions, Matrices, Multilines

Greek Alphabet

Special

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LaTeX Math Symbols and Equations