GitMind ▏LaTeX Math Symbols and Equations

faq advanced skill

GitMind supports inserting commonly used formulas by allowing users to input LaTeX mathematical commands, which are instantly converted into mathematical expressions. Here, we’ll introduce some commonly used LaTeX mathematical symbol commands to help you quickly start using the formula insertion feature.

LaTeX Math Symbols and Equations

Superscripts, Subscripts and Integrals

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
a^2	$a^2$	Superscript
a_2	$a_2$	Subscript
a^{2+2}	$a^{2+2}$	Grouping
x_2^5	$x_2^5$	Combining sub & super
{}_1^2\!X_3^4	${}_1^2\!X_3^4$	Preceding sub & super
\bigcap_1^{n} p	$\bigcap_1^{n} p$	Intersections
\bigcup_1^{k} p	$\bigcup_1^{k} p$	Unions
x’	$x’$	Derivatives
\dot{x}	$\dot{x}$	Derivative dots
\ddot{y}	$\ddot{y}$
\vec{c}	$\vec{c}$	Vectors
\overleftarrow{a b}	$\overleftarrow{a b}$
\overrightarrow{c d}	$\overrightarrow{c d}$
\widehat{e f g}	$\widehat{e f g}$
\overset{\frown} {AB}	$\overset{\frown} {AB}$	Arc
\overline{h i j}	$\overline{h i j}$	Overline
\underline{k l m}	$\underline{k l m}$	Underline
\overbrace{11+12+\cdots+100}	$\overbrace{11+12+\cdots+100}$	Overbrace
\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}	$\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}$	Underbrace
\sum_{k=1}^N k^2	$a^2$	Sum
\prod_{i=1}^N x_i	$\prod_{i=1}^N x_i$	Product
\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i	$\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i$	Coproduct
\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n	$\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n$	Limit
\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx	$\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx$	Integral
\iint_{D}^{W} \, dx\,dy	$\iint_{D}^{W} \, dx\,dy$	Double integral
\iiint_{E}^{V} \, dx\,dy\,dz	$\iiint_{E}^{V} \, dx\,dy\,dz$	Triple integral
\oint_{C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy	$\oint_{C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy$	Quadruple integral

Root

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\sqrt{5}	$\sqrt{5}$	Square root
\sqrt[n]{5}	$\sqrt[n]{5}$	nth roots

Operators

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\pm	$\pm$	Plus-minus
\times	$\times$	Times
\div	$\div$	Division
\neq	$\neq$	Not equal
\approx	$\approx$	Approximate
\equiv	$\equiv$	Equivalent
\not\equiv	$\not\equiv$	Not equivalent
\geq	$\geq$	Geqslant
\gg	$\gg$
\leq	$\leq$	Leqslant
\ll	$\ll$
\sim	$\sim$	Similar
\simeq	$\simeq$
\cong	$\cong$
\propto	$\propto$	Propto
\perp	$\perp$	Perpendicularity

Geometric

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\Box	$\Box$	Box
\Diamond	$\Diamond$	Diamond
\triangle	$\triangle$	Triangle
\angle	$\angle$	Angle
\perp	$\perp$	Perpendicularity
\mid	$\mid$
\nmid	$\nmid$
\\|	$\\|$

Functions

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\sin\theta	$\sin\theta$	\min L	$\min L$
\cos\theta	$\cos\theta$	\inf s	$\inf s$
\tan\theta	$\tan\theta$	\sup t	$\sup t$
\cot	$\cot$	\exp\!t	$\exp\!t$
\sec	$\sec$	\ln X	$\ln X$
\csc	$\csc$	\lg X	$\lg X$
\arcsin\frac{L}{r}	$\arcsin\frac{L}{r}$	\log X	$\log X$
\arccos\frac{T}{r}	$\arccos\frac{T}{r}$	f \ker g	$f \ker g$
\arctan\frac{L}{T}	$\arctan\frac{L}{T}$	\log_{10}	$\log_{10}$
\sinh g	$\sinh g$	\log_\alpha X	$\log_\alpha X$
\cosh h	$\cosh h$	\deg x	$\deg x$
\tanh i	$\tanh i$	\arg x	$\arg x$
\operatorname{sh}j	$\operatorname{sh}j$	\dim x	$\dim x$
\max H	$\max H$	\lim_{t\to n}T	$\lim_{t\to n}T$

Sets

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\forall	$\forall$	\exists	$\exists$
\in	$\in$	\ni	$\ni$
\subset	$\subset$	\subseteq	$\subseteq$
\supset	$\supset$	\supseteq	$\supseteq$
\sqsupset	$\sqsupset$	\sqsupseteq	$\sqsupseteq$
\cup	$\cup$	\bigcup	$\bigcup$
\sqcup	$\sqcup$	\bigsqcup	$\bigsqcup$
\cap	$\cap$	\bigcap	$\bigcap$
\sqsubset	$\sqsubset$	\sqsubseteq	$\sqsubseteq$
\varnothing	$\varnothing$	\biguplus	$\biguplus$
\emptyset	$\emptyset$	\sqcap	$\sqcap$
\notin	$\notin$	\setminus	$\setminus$

Logic and Arrows

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\And	$\And$	\land	$\land$
\bar{q}	$\bar{q}$	\lor	$\lor$
\lnot	$\lnot$	\neg q	$\neg q$
\wedge	$\wedge$	\bigwedge	$\bigwedge$
\vee	$\vee$	\bigvee	$\bigvee$
\setminus	$\setminus$	\smallsetminus	$\smallsetminus$
\leftarrow	$\leftarrow$	\gets	$\gets$
\to	$\to$	\rightarrow	$\rightarrow$
\leftrightarrow	$\leftrightarrow$	\longleftarrow	$\longleftarrow$
\longrightarrow	$\longrightarrow$	\mapsto	$\mapsto$
\longmapsto	$\longmapsto$	\hookrightarrow	$\hookrightarrow$
\hookleftarrow	$\hookleftarrow$	\nearrow	$\nearrow$
\searrow	$\searrow$	\swarrow	$\swarrow$
\nwarrow	$\nwarrow$	\uparrow	$\uparrow$
\downarrow	$\downarrow$	\updownarrow	$\updownarrow$
\Leftarrow	$\Leftarrow$	\Rightarrow	$\Rightarrow$
\Leftrightarrow	$\Leftrightarrow$	\Longleftarrow	$\Longleftarrow$
\Longrightarrow	$\Longrightarrow$	\Longleftrightarrow	$\Longleftrightarrow$

Brackets

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\left ( \frac{a}{b} \right )	$\left ( \frac{a}{b} \right )$	Parenthesis
\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]	$\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]$	Bracket
\left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle	$\left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle$	Angle bracket
\left\{ \frac{a}{b} \right\}	$\left\{ \frac{a}{b} \right\}$	Brace
\overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }	$\overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }$	Over brace
\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }	$\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }$	Under brace

Fractions, Matrices, Multilines

LaTex	Symbol	Feature
\frac{1}{10}=0.1	$\frac{1}{10}=0.1$	Fractions
\tfrac{1}{10} = 0.1	$\tfrac{1}{10} = 0.1$	Small fractions
\dfrac{k}{k+9} = 0.1	$\dfrac{k}{k+9} = 0.1$	Large fractions
\dfrac{ \tfrac{1}{2}[1-(\tfrac{1}{2})^n] }{ 1-\tfrac{1}{2} } = s_n	$\dfrac{ \tfrac{1}{2}[1-(\tfrac{1}{2})^n] }{ 1-\tfrac{1}{2} } = s_n$	Large / Small (nested) fractions
\cfrac{2}{ c + \cfrac{2}{ d + \cfrac{1}{2} } } = a \qquad \dfrac{2}{ c + \dfrac{2}{ d + \dfrac{1}{2} } } = a	$\cfrac{2}{ c + \cfrac{2}{ d + \cfrac{1}{2} } } = a\qquad\dfrac{2}{ c + \dfrac{2}{ d + \dfrac{1}{2} } } = a$	Continued fraction
\binom{n}{k}	$\binom{n}{k}$	Binomial coefficients
\tbinom{n}{k}	$\tbinom{n}{k}$	Small binomial coefficients
\dbinom{n}{k}	$\dbinom{n}{k}$	Large binomial coefficients
\begin{matrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{matrix}	$\begin{matrix}x & y \\z & v\end{matrix}$	Matrices
\begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix}	$\begin{vmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{vmatrix}$
\begin{Vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Vmatrix}	$\begin{Vmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{Vmatrix}$
\begin{bmatrix} 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 0 & \cdots & 0 \end{bmatrix}	$\begin{bmatrix}0 & \cdots & 0 \\\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 0 & \cdots & 0\end{bmatrix}$
\begin{Bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Bmatrix}	$\binom{n}{k}$
\binom{n}{k}	$\begin{Bmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{Bmatrix}$
\begin{pmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{pmatrix}	$\begin{pmatrix}x & y \\z & v\end{pmatrix}$
\begin{array}{\|c\|c\|\|c\|} a & b & S \\ \hline 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0 \end{array}	$\begin{array}{\|c\|c\|\|c\|}a & b & S \\\hline0&0&1\\0&1&1\\1&0&1\\1&1&0\end{array}$	Arrays
\begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z &= 1 \\ 7x – 2y + 4z &= 2 \\ -6x + 3y + 2z &= 3 \end{cases}	$\begin{cases}3x + 5y + z &= 1 \\7x – 2y + 4z &= 2 \\-6x + 3y + 2z &= 3\end{cases}$	Simultaneous equations
\begin{array}{lcl} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array}	$\begin{array}{lcl}z & = & a \\f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z\end{array}$	Multiline equations (left alignment)
\begin{array}{lcr} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array}	$\begin{array}{lcr}z & = & a \\f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z\end{array}$	Multiline equations (right alignment)

Greek Alphabet

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\Gamma	$\Gamma$	\Delta	$\Delta$
\Theta	$\Theta$	\Lambda	$\Lambda$
\Xi	$\Xi$	\Pi	$\Pi$
\Sigma	$\Sigma$	\Upsilon	$\Upsilon$
\Phi	$\Phi$	\Psi	$\Psi$
\Omega	$\Omega$	\beta	$\beta$
\alpha	$\alpha$	\delta	$\delta$
\gamma	$\gamma$	\zeta	$\zeta$
\epsilon	$\epsilon$	\theta	$\theta$
\eta	$\eta$	\kappa	$\kappa$
\iota	$\iota$	\mu	$\mu$
\lambda	$\lambda$	\xi	$\xi$
\nu	$\nu$	\pi	$\pi$
\omicron	$\omicron$	\sigma	$\sigma$
\rho	$\rho$	\phi	$\phi$
\tau	$\tau$	\psi	$\psi$
\upsilon	$\upsilon$	\digamma	$\digamma$
\chi	$\chi$	\varkappa	$\varkappa$
\omega	$\omega$	\varrho	$\varrho$
\varepsilon	$\varepsilon$	\varphi	$\varphi$
\vartheta	$\vartheta$	\varsigma	$\varsigma$
\varpi	$\varpi$

Special

LaTex	Symbol	LaTex	Symbol
\And	$\And$	\eth	$\eth$
\%	$\%$	\dagger	$\dagger$
\ddagger	$\ddagger$	\ldots	$\ldots$
\cdots	$\cdots$	\colon	$\colon$
\smile	$\smile$	\frown	$\frown$
\wr	$\wr$	\triangleleft	$\triangleleft$
\triangleright	$\triangleright$	\infty	$\infty$
\bot	$\bot$	\top	$\top$
\vdash	$\vdash$	\vDash	$\vDash$
\Vdash	$\Vdash$	\models	$\models$
\lVert	$\lVert$	\rVert	$\rVert$
\imath	$\imath$	\hbar	$\hbar$
\ell	$\ell$	\mho	$\mho$
\Finv	$\Finv$	\Re	$\Re$
\Im	$\Im$	\wp	$\wp$
\complement	$\complement$	\heartsuit	$\heartsuit$
\diamondsuit	$\diamondsuit$	\spadesuit	$\spadesuit$
\clubsuit	$\clubsuit$	\flat	$\flat$
\Game	$\Game$	\sharp	$\sharp$

LaTeX Math Symbols & Equations